History of Eruption in Mount Bromo
History of Eruption in Mount Bromo
History of Eruption in Mount Bromo, Mount Bromo is active volcanic cinder cone on the Indonesian island of Java. Bromo is located in the center of the sea of sand Caldera, itself only a portion of the larger Tengger Caldera. The sea of sand caldera formed around 8,000 years ago, in what must have been a massive eruption. Subsequent volcanic activity formed the cluster of cinder cones in the caldera’s center, including Bromo and Batok.
The historical record indicates eruptions of Bromo every few years since 1804, and geologic evidence indicates eruptions at least several hundred years earlier. The most recent eruption occured in 2004, and tragically killed two tourists.
Mt Bromo National Park has an altitude of 2,329 meters above sea level and located in four districts, namely Probolinggo, Pasuruan, Lumajang. Since the the eruption occured, the route from Malang district still closed for tourists because the safe radius about 2.5 Kilometers from an active crater.
Mount Bromo Sunrise Tour
During Eruption occured, Mount Bromo Sunrise tour activities in this volcano area immediately stopped. Number of tourists plummeted and no longer visible crowds of tourists through Sea of Sand covering about 10 square kilometers. No longer heard the hardtop vehicles sound that were going back and forth carrying tourists from Tosari Pasuruan and Cemoro Lawang, Probolinggo regency. Horse whipping also seem silent. The visible thing only a thick burst of smoke that blends in volcanic ash.
According the wikipedia information data, The crater has a diameter of ± 800 meters (north-south) and ± 600 meters (east-west). Meanwhile the danger area in the form of a circle with radius 4 Km from the center of crater.
During 20th and 21st centuries, Mt Bromo has eruption history many times with regular intervals during 30 years. The biggest eruption occurred on 1974. The last eruption occurred on March 2019.
Detail Information about Mt Bromo Eruption History
Below is an Eruption History had reported by wikipedia occurred: 1843, 1844, 1856, 1857, 1858, 1858, 1859, 1860, 1865, 1865, 1866, 1867-68, 1877, 1885, 1885-86, 1886, 1886-87, 1888(?), 1890, 1893, 1896, 1906-07, 1907, 1907-08, 1909, 1910, 1915-16, 1921, 1922, 1928, 1930, 1935, 1939, 1940, 1948, 1950, 1955, 1956, 1972, 1980, 1983(?), 1983, 1984, 1995 (March-May), 1995 (Sep-Dec), 2000 (Nov)-20001 (Jan), 2004 (June), Dec 2010 – 2011, Dec 2015 – Feb 2016, Mar 2019 – ongoing
Typical eruption style:
Explosive. Frequent small, phreatic eruptions at Bromo cinder cone on the bottom of the caldera.
Although the eruption on Bromo volcano always occured, it is not a frightening specter for Tengger residents. Mostly The the tenggers resident already familiar with the ‘cough’ of the sacred mountain. Also some tourist still enjoy Mount Bromo tour package because They were curious to know about the eruption activity.
According Mount Bromo Eruption History, the eruption occured in early 2011, making many houses in Ngadirejo badly damaged. The building of the village hall and the school building collapsed because it could not bear the ash burden of burst from this volcano stomach. Not few of residents houses damaged. But at that time, some local people did not evacuate, the rock vomit just fell in sea of sand area, only the ash carried by the wind everywhere, The Tengger residents still have experienced the eruption.
The Tengger residents believed that this volcano is a holy mountain. Once a year the people of Tengger hold The Yadnya Kasada ritual Mt Bromo. This ceremony even seems to be an international tourist calendar.
Each Kasada Ritual held, thousands of foreign and domestic tourists flock to witness the traditional ceremony held at Pura Agung Poten Luhur and continued to the top of Bromo crater by throwing away the offerings of the earth by Tengger residents who are majority Hinduism.